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11.
Wei‐Xin Lv Hao‐Ming Yin Meng‐Shu Liu Fang Huang Hui‐Min Yu 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2021,45(1):245-256
A dry ashing method is commonly used to remove organic material from samples prior to geochemical analysis. In the course of this study, the Cd isotope ratios of a series of soil and plant reference materials and samples were studied to evaluate the effect of the dry ashing method on measurement results of Cd isotope ratios. The samples were pre‐treated using the dry ashing method and high‐pressure bomb for comparison. The results show that the digestion using high‐pressure bombs did not lead to Cd loss, but using the dry ashing method would cause different proportions of Cd loss. The whole range of Cd isotope difference between two methods was from ?0.07‰ to 3.01‰. There was also an obvious difference in measured Cd isotope ratios from the same leaf sample pre‐treated independently by the dry ashing method, indicating that the amount of Cd loss and the effect on Cd isotope measurement during dry ashing is related to the properties of the samples. Therefore, dry ashing may not be appropriate for the removal of organic material in Cd isotope ratio measurement, especially for samples with high organic contents. The δ114/110Cd values of reference materials NIST SRM 1573a and GSD‐30 are reported for the first time in this study. 相似文献
12.
《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2015,75(2):261-270
The aim of this study was to investigate the accumulation of arsenic (As) in and on roots of Zea mays (maize) and Helianthus annuus (sunflower) by means of synchrotron-based micro-focused X-ray fluorescence imaging (μ-XRF). Plant and soil samples were collected from two field sites in the Hetao Plain (Inner Mongolia, China) which have been regularly irrigated with As-rich groundwater. Detailed μ-XRF element distribution maps were generated at the Fluo-beamline of the Anka synchrotron facility (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) to assess the spatial distribution of As in thin sections of plant roots and soil particles. The results showed that average As concentrations in the roots (14.5–27.4 mg kg−1) covered a similar range as in the surrounding soil, but local maximum root As concentrations reached up to 424 mg kg−1 (H. annuus) and 1280 mg kg−1 (Z. mays), respectively. Importantly, the results revealed that As had mainly accumulated at the outer rhizodermis along with iron (Fe). We therefore conclude that thin crusts of Fe-(hydr)oxides cover the roots and act as an effective barrier to As, similar to the formation of Fe plaque in rice roots. In contrast to permanently flooded rice paddy fields, regular flood irrigation results in variable redox conditions within the silty and loamy soils at our study site and fosters the formation of Fe-(hydr)oxide plaque on the root surfaces. 相似文献
13.
根据福清市核电厂候选厂址区花岗岩体微风化和中风化层结构的特征,节理裂隙统计,结合声波测试和室内岩石单轴抗压强度、变形试验、三轴压缩试验等测试数据,评价核电厂地基岩体的适宜性。 相似文献
14.
Javier Cotin Manuel García-Tarrasón Carolina Sanpera Lluis Jover Xavier Ruiz 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011
The Ebro catchment, the largest river basin in Spain, includes various heavily industrialized areas. Among these is the Flix site, where a chemical plant has been operating since the beginning of the 20th century. This extended operational period, together with the construction of a dam next to the factory around 1960, resulted in the accumulation of large amounts of heavily polluted sediments in the adjacent riverbed, many of which are contaminated by mercury. Pollutants from Flix are carried downstream by the Ebro River to its delta. In order to assess the transfer of mercury to the complex river estuary ecosystem, we studied the ecology of the tern community living there as these birds segregate into a range of habitats. For this purpose, first we used stable isotope analysis (SIA) (δ34S, δ13C, δ15N) of eggs to determine the trophic ecology and habitat partitioning of several tern species (Common, Sandwich, Little, Gull-Billed and Whiskered Tern) breeding sympatrically, in order to link their foraging ecology with habitat types. Next we measured mercury concentrations in eggs to monitor the input of this metal into the diverse habitats. With the exception of the Little Tern, the other terns used a restricted habitat range in the Ebro Delta, as shown by C and S isotopes; the Gull-Billed and Whiskered Tern foraged in freshwater habitats, while the Common and Sandwich Tern used marine habitats. This restricted feeding behavior of the Gull-Billed and Common Tern contrasts with previous reports in other breeding sites. The Little Tern, which showed a wide range of isotopic values, was found to be an opportunistic forager but fed mainly in saltpans, a feeding habitat not reported previously for this species in this area. We found that mercury concentrations are related to foraging habitat and diet, and are unexpectedly higher in species feeding on demersal prey in marine habitats and also higher in birds feeding in saltpans than in those feeding in freshwater habitats. The mercury concentrations found in the Little and Common Tern eggs sampled in “Punta de la Banya” may be sufficiently high to endanger breeding success. 相似文献
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16.
本文采用欧盟ERICA框架下评估电离辐射生态风险的ERICA综合法,选用ERICA工具数据库中的参数数据,计算了我国大亚湾等核电站液态放射性流出物中主要的18种放射性核素的环境安全浓度限值。当核电站排水口附近海域中放射性核素浓度低于推荐的环境安全浓度限值时,放射性核素造成的辐射风险被认为是在海洋生态环境所能承受的范围之内。 相似文献
17.
徐小怡 《广东海洋大学学报》2011,31(2)
运用钻石模型分析广东省水产品加工产业的竞争力,在此基础上结合因子分析法对广东省和其他沿海地区水产品加工产业的竞争力进行比较,研究结果显示:相对而言,广东省水产品加工产业综合竞争力水平较高,但在资源利用率、加工企业规模化发展方面处于劣势,所以要从加大财政投入、推进科技创新、实现企业规模经济以及提升产品附加值和品质等方面提升广东省水产品加工产业的竞争力。 相似文献
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19.
中亚热带植物排放甲烷研究初报 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
甲烷(CH4)是大气中第二大温室气体,近年有研究发现在有氧条件下陆生植物也能排放CH4.本研究对中亚热带51种树木离体叶片在有氧环境下进行室内培养,发现21种植物能排放CH4,CH4排放速率范围为0.11~1.37 ngCH4.g-1 DW.h-1,平均排放速率为0.59ngCH4.g-1DW.h-1.植物是否排放CH4及其排放速率与观测条件密切相关.观测的51种植物中包括40种乔木树种和11种灌木树种,分别有15种和6种植物可排放CH4,CH4平均排放速率分别为0.69 CH4.g-1DW.h-1和0.30 ngCH4.g-1DW.h-1,且乔木和灌木之间存在极显著差异(P<0.05). 相似文献
20.
芦苇、菖蒲和水葱对水体中Zn2+的富集效应研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用水培方法,在不同ZnCl2浓度(0mg/L、50mg/L、100mg/L、300mg/L、800mg/L、1500mg/L和2500mg/L)处理的水体中,对湿地植物芦苇(Phragmites australis)、菖蒲(Acorus calamus)和水葱(Scirpus tabernaemontani)进行培养,研究植物的不同部位对Zn2+的积累能力。结果表明,在相同ZnCl2浓度处理下的水体中,水葱、菖蒲和芦苇体内的平均Zn2+积累浓度存在差异,菖蒲体内的Zn2+积累浓度最高。在不同ZnCl2浓度处理下的水体中,水葱体内的平均Zn2+积累浓度在ZnCl2浓度为1500mg/L时最高,为31050.84mg/kg(植物地上部分为10206.67mg/kg,地下部分为20844.17mg/kg);菖蒲和芦苇体内的平均Zn2+积累浓度则在ZnCl2浓度为2500mg/L时最高,分别为54130.67mg/kg(地上部分为16774.00mg/kg,地下部分为37356.67mg/kg)和25423.34mg/kg(地上部分为4506.67mg/kg,地下部分为20916.67mg/kg)。这3种植物都可以作为利用植物修复重金属污染水体的遴选物种。其中,菖蒲对Zn2+的吸收能力明显高于水葱和芦苇。 相似文献